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Temple dedicated to first Tirthankar
Parsvanath Temple的点评
点评：The Parsvanatha temple, originally dedicated to the first Tirthankara, is one of the finest monuments of Khajuraho and the largest among the local Jaina temples. It is oblong on plan with axial projections on the two ends; the projection on the east or front constitutes the entrance-porch, while that on the west comprises a shrine attached to the back of the sanctum. Although it is a sandhara temple, the transepts with the balconied windows, which are so characteristic of the developed Khajuraho style, are absent. The outer wall is solid and is embellished with three bands of graceful sculptures. The entrance-porch shows an ornate ceiling of coffered design with pendants, the central one being exquisitely embellished with chain and floral patterns, terminating is a pair of intertwined flying vidyadhara figures. The interior consists of a sanctum enclosed by ambulatory a vestibule and maha-mandapa provided with a doorway. The door-lintel of the maha-mandapa represents in the center a ten-armed image of yakshi Chakresvari riding on Garuda, while that of the sanctum shows Jinas. Despite its Jaina affilation, the Parsvanatha temple bears a significant kinship to the Lakshmana in displaying among its sculptures a predominance of Vaishnava themes which include Parasurama, Balarama with Revati, group of Rama, Sita and Hanuman and the Yamalarjuna episode of the Krishna-legend. The sculptures of this temple also approximate those of the Lakshmana in voluminous modeling, proportion and poise. This temple bears some of the loveliest surasundari figures. It is datable to circa A.D. 960. (Information from ASI)
翻译：帕尔瓦纳塔神庙最初供奉第一位耆那教主，是卡修拉荷最精美的古迹之一，也是当地耆那教寺庙中规模最大的。该神庙平面呈长方形，两端有轴向凸起；东侧或正面的凸起构成入口门廊，而西侧的凸起构成附在圣殿后面的神龛。虽然这是一座沙陀罗神庙，但没有带有阳台窗户的横厅，而这些是卡修拉荷风格发展至今的典型特征。外墙坚固，饰有三条优美的雕塑。入口门廊的天花板采用格子设计，带有垂饰，中央的天花板饰有精美的链条和花卉图案，末端是一对相互缠绕的飞翔的持明者形象。内部由一个圣殿、一个门厅和一个设有门道的 maha-mandapa 组成。大曼达帕的门楣中央刻有骑着迦楼罗的十臂夜叉查克雷斯瓦里像，而圣殿的门楣上刻有耆那教像。尽管帕斯瓦那塔神庙与耆那教有关联，但它与罗什曼那有着显著的亲缘关系，因为其雕塑中主要展示了毗湿奴教主题，包括帕拉苏拉玛、巴拉拉玛与瑞瓦蒂、罗摩、悉多和哈努曼的群体以及克里希纳传说中的亚玛拉朱那情节。这座神庙的雕塑在体积、比例和平衡方面也与罗什曼那的雕塑相近。这座神庙中有一些最美丽的苏拉桑达里雕像。它可追溯到公元 960 年左右。（信息来自 ASI）
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