点评:Palmanova is unlike any other town in the Friuli region and in Italy. Best known for being a perfectly preserved, nine-pointed star-shaped fortress founded in 1593 by the Venetian Republic. Its uniqueness and historical significance as a Renaissance military citadel - to protect the region and Venice against surrounding countries threats - has gained recognition for being one of the most beautiful villages in Italy, then declared a National Monument of Italy in 1960, and added to the UNESCO World Heritage Heritage Site list in 2017 as a unique example of Renaissance military architecture in the world.
Palmanova is small enough and easy to explore in just few hours. Walking through the historic gates and into the old town feels like stepping into the Renaissance era. Streets radiate symmetrically from the vast hexagonal Piazza Grande (Main Swuare) towards the Porte (Gates). The City Walls and Bastions are intact and ideal for a scenic walk, offering a real sense of the town military purpose during the Republic of Venice glory.
Some of the key places to visit are: [1] the Piazza Grande (Hexagonal Main Square); [2] the Doge’s Duomo (Cathedral); [3] the Fortress Walls and Bastions; [4] the Porte (Gates); [5] the Military and Historical Museums.
Do not miss Palmanova if you enjoy history, architecture and beautifully planned towns as it is a true gem. And while you are in the area, take the short detour to also visit Aquileia - a major Roman archeological site, and another UNESCO Site with stunning mosaic floors.
P.S. Because of a wrong manipulation, I am sorry that there are no photos of those two awesome little towns to share with readers.
翻译:帕尔马诺瓦与弗留利大区乃至整个意大利的其他城镇都截然不同。它最著名的便是保存完好的九角星形要塞,这座要塞由威尼斯共和国于1593年建造。作为文艺复兴时期的军事要塞,帕尔马诺瓦的独特性和历史意义——它曾用于保护该地区和威尼斯免受周边国家的威胁——使其被誉为意大利最美丽的村庄之一,并于1960年被宣布为意大利国家纪念碑,2017年又被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录,成为世界上文艺复兴时期军事建筑的独特典范。
帕尔马诺瓦规模不大,几个小时即可轻松游览完毕。漫步穿过历史悠久的城门,进入老城区,仿佛穿越回了文艺复兴时代。街道从宽阔的六边形广场(Piazza Grande,主广场)呈对称放射状延伸至城门(Porte)。城墙和堡垒保存完好,是风景优美的漫步胜地,让人真切感受到威尼斯共和国鼎盛时期这座城市的军事意义。
一些主要景点包括:[1] 大广场(六角形主广场);[2] 总督大教堂;[3] 城墙和堡垒;[4] 城门;[5] 军事博物馆和历史博物馆。
如果您热爱历史、建筑和规划精美的城镇,千万不要错过帕尔马诺瓦,它真是一颗璀璨的明珠。在该地区游览时,不妨顺道参观阿奎莱亚——一处重要的罗马考古遗址,也是另一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产,拥有令人惊叹的马赛克地板。
附注:由于操作失误,很遗憾无法与读者分享这两个迷人小镇的照片。